How the Danes experienced social distancing during Covid-19 (EN/DK language)

 
Sephia survey. How the Danes experienced social distancing during Covid-19.jpg

How the Danes experienced social distancing during Covid-19

Publication by Sonny Soewarta
3 813 Words | 17 min

 

Sephia conducted an online study among Danes in April 2020 on their experience of social and physical distancing during the Corona crisis. The study was carried out using the EXPMappermethod, which briefly put collects stories and anecdotes from participants to better understand their experience of a particular situation or issue. The method is described in more detail at the bottom of this article.



English

This report looks at the main findings of the study and includes excerpts from the participants’ stories. Read on if you want to know more about what it has meant for Danes to work remotely, go to stores, the behaviour of others, and the consequences for close relationships as well as special events.

Working from home

During the Corona crisis, a large number of people in Denmark have been forced to work from home. The majority reports positive experiences that can help make working remotely more efficient and more common in the future. However, some also describe the disadvantages associated with working remotely, and there is inspiration to be found for improving working conditions for people working from home.

The stories about working from home are generally more positive than the other story categories in the study, as 52% of participants in this category describe their experiences as positive against only 35% negative. In comparison, there are a total of 47% negative stories when we look at the stories in total. The positive stories translate into associated emotions such as productive, grateful, happy, and optimistic, whereas the negative stories in this category mention powerlessness and concern as the most dominant emotions. By comparison, powerlessness and concern are the two dominant feelings for the overall stories. This indicates that working from home has more positive elements than social distancing in general.

Many stories talk about the increased efficiency and joy of working at home. One participant writes, " I love working at home and feel much more efficient" and another participant working in a large workplace writes "In my workplace, approximately 19,000 employees work from home. It's been an amazing experience to be a part of. We run the business pretty much as usual.

"There is a great willingness to help colleagues when working from home. One participant writes: "Some of my work has been difficult, but much has been easier and without disruption. It was also a positive experience to discover how much my colleagues and I helped each other make it all work." Another writes: My colleagues are so professional and dedicated are even though we have only been able to work virtually."

The fact that work has become more efficient is reflected in the tranquility of the private working environment. One participant writes: "I am surprised at how much I have enjoyed the peace, immersion, and extra sleep that the corona restrictions have brought. Peace and immersion in the home workplace without the noise of the office environment - meetings are held briefly and efficiently on Skype."

There is a more practical reason why working from home is perceived as more efficient. As one participant writes, it is "Nice to work from home to avoid public transport and queuing on the highway. Great to be home when the workday ends," and another writes, "I've exchanged the daily commute with one hour of extra sleep."

Teachers have been facing particular challenges and some describe difficulties but other share positive experiences: " It has been very good to be able to meet online and complete lessons while being able to see the students through their webcam. A very positive experience in a rather difficult task."

It is also seen as positive that the Corona crisis has resulted in increased creativity in the way we work. One participant writes: "Large amount of work from home provides great flexibility and new working methods" and another reports: "A large part of my work consists of participating in networking meetings - it's hard when you can't meet – but in several of my network groups we've been quick to get it up and running online so we still meet and can help each other through the crisis."

However, everything is not positive about working on distance. For example, a manager writes: "It's really weird to have to lead from a distance. Not being able to look your employees in the eye when you deliver a message, especially if it's not positive."

Of course, it is also difficult to be new to the job in Corona's times, as one participant explains: "It is difficult to start in a new job where you work from home from day 1."

Transforming your home into a workplace is also associated with practical challenges. One participant writes: "The art of setting up a workplace at home where there is no sit/stand work desk, no chair that can be adjusted and only one screen.” However, the participant concludes: "in return, here is peace and quiet at work". Another participant describes the challenge of having to transform your home into a workplace as follows: "The worst thing for me has been having to work from home in a small apartment. Looking at my workplace day in and day out because I work in the living room."

For those who work directly with customers, there can be special challenges when starting new customer relationships up virtually. One participant describes it this way: "I am working for a new customer with a project that is difficult to start up. Online meetings work well, even with new people. But it's hard to align with risk-averse stakeholders when you don't have a minute or two here and there. When I present my observations to them, there is a strange distrust that normally would not be there."

Teachers report both pros and cons, but it is clear that distance learning is extremely demanding for both teachers and students. Several people express the same feelings as this participant: "Teaching from home (I am a lecturer at university) is very time consuming and mentally strenuous. The first 1 1/2 weeks meant 15 hours working days (including weekends) sitting at the dining table concentrated in front of the PC with a lot of frustration and a lot of wasted time to make the technology work while providing training."

Online meetings have difficulty replacing the physical education described by a teacher as follows: "physical contact and presence are lacking. Distance learning cannot replace onside teaching. 70% of our communication is done via our body language!".

The overall conclusion is that it seems that there can be great benefits to working remotely if the right conditions are present. It is particularly important that technology is well-functioning and user-friendly. In addition, it is essential that employees with particularly demanding needs are supported and guided by their managers. This is especially true for those who teach and people who are new in the job. This means that there is a need for managers to upgrade their skills so that they can lead at a distance, which requires a different approach from classic "face-to-face" management.

For employees in need of concentration and immersion, there can be great benefits to working remotely f there a workspace available that offers peace and quiet. Similarly, reduced commuting time can contribute to greater employee satisfaction and less stress. Both can be exchanged for greater efficiency in the long term, but there is a need to develop working and management methods to improve working on a distance. The most optimal solution for many employees is probably a combination of working from home and being in the office. But there is no doubt that the Corona crisis has triggered a debate about how we organise work.

At work

As a result of Covid-19, new work guidelines have been implemented all over Denmark, and this has created different reactions among employees. An overwhelming majority feel unsure of which guidelines apply to staff and not just to customers/passengers. Employees who shared negative experiences express feelings as powerless, worried, and uneasy. Those who were more positive felt generally happier and positive, albeit changing circumstances have been challenging to adapt to.

People working in the transport sector report being confused about what applies to them. One participant writes: “I work on the trains as front staff - have come into close contact with a lot of people throughout the process, and despite that, we are not going to be tested".

Another explains the difficulty of adapting to the situation when faced with customers: "I work at a petrol station and there are customers who complain that we touch the goods".

A factory worker explains precautions taken at work and how this has affected the feeling of being less close to his colleagues: " We disinfect at least 14 times a day on the job. Having to hold yourself back when you just want to give a hug can be a daily challenge. We're all just human beings. "
For some service employees, there is sometimes a feeling of being surprised and happy, as one respondent writes: " Work at Rema. People aren't so angry when they're queuing anymore.'

The sudden change from going to work as we would normally do to being sent home has left many people overwhelmed and powerless. As one employer writes: "Feeling empty when we had to send all our employees home for the first time in the 35 years we've had our company. "

While a majority describe their new work situation with a feeling of being powerless and overwhelmed, there is also an indication that some see the benefits of the new circumstances and seem to be adapting rather well so far.

In shops

Participants in the study have chosen to predominantly share negative experiences from their visits to physical retail outlets. These stories can be divided into stories about the behaviour of other customers and stories about how retailers handle social distancing.

One participant writes under the heading Lack of queue respect, "Queuing in a shop behind someone who did not comply with the 2-meter rule so I said ‘you don't give me much space’ – ‘no’, the person then replied, and just kept standing there.” Another person writes: “in the shop close to where I live people are not good at keeping their distance."

During the period of widespread hoarding, unfortunate incidents occurred, as one participant describes: "A hooded lady sped through the other customers who kept a distance – they all retreated - and she snatched the last 4 packets of oranges that were left".

Regional differences were also expressed, especially when people were suspected not to be from the local area. A participant writes under the heading Now Copenhageners have come to Gilleleje!: "We were passing by an ice cream shop at Easter, where 20-25 adults and children stood in a dense cluster to buy ice cream. Totally reckless in my eyes".

Some shops were also criticised for not enforcing the government's recommendations well enough. One participant describes the experience in 2 different supermarkets as follows: "Large difference between distancing in Netto and Rema respectively. The latter lets too many customers in and there is too little protection at the checkout and it is allowing the next customer to the checkout too quickly even if the previous customer in front has not paid yet".

Another participant noted: "The local Fakta Store does not put in extra resources for e.g. opening a second cash-line. The children/young workers are clearly ordered not to disturb regular employees during certain periods, even if large queues arise. A normal problem in this type of shop but completely unacceptable in these circumstances. More than 30 customers were queuing throughout the store at one point. "

It wasn't just one’s own experience that could make the participants react. Suspicion of poor handling of the guidelines was noted, as one participant describes: "Drove one day past Jem & Fix Faxe and the parking lot was filled with cars, but there was no queue outside. Thought that if all the people were inside shopping they can't keep the distance we have to keep to others. Jem & Fix has not understood what has been said. "

However, there are also some positive experiences as this participant describes: "It has been really nice being in shops. Flowers and attentive messages that people forget in everyday life 😊" and another writes: " When shopping for groceries, I see a lot of good behavior with everyone giving space to each other and not pushing. Provides plenty of space to pack items etc".

Although some shops got criticism for the way they enforced the stricter rules, there were positive stories such as this: "Easy and safe to shop in and be outside and inside. Good guidelines on how to act".

The conclusion is that everyday activities like shopping for groceries have been challenged by how we interact with each other. It seems that there is a polarisation between those who take restrictions and recommendations lightly and those who feel that even if they comply with all the rules they are criticised by other people. There is also a call for better guidelines and execution of Corona restrictions at certain retailers. All in all, you get the impression that there is a lot of uncertainty when it comes to shopping at physical retail outlets.

The behaviour of others

Humans are social beings. And in a pandemic like the one we are experiencing at the moment, our interconnectedness and interdependence is highlighted even more than usual, for better and worse. "
The stories of the behaviour of other people make up 36 of 133 stories (27%). Half (18) of the stories on this subject are positive, and the other half is negative (17 + 1 neutral story, which leans to the negative side).

The associated feelings range from Happy, Optimistic, and Trusting for the positive stories to Worried, Annoyed, Powerless, Insecure, and Angry for the negative stories.

The positive stories are typically generous with the praise for their fellow citizens and society's workplaces and institutions: "I think it's really good that we Danes show such a great sense of community", "Think that everyone I meet and talk to is really good at keeping their distance", "I think it's really good that we Danes show such a great sense of community", "Think that everyone I meet and talk to is really good at keeping their distance", "I think everyone looks after each other", and "A positive experience that we Danes follow the wishes of handwashing, and maintaining social distancing", "I am pleased that most Danes adhere to the guidelines", " It was surprisingly so quickly jobs and schools adapted to the new situation". Finally, there is also praise for the Prime Minister: "I think our prime minister has handled the crisis very well."

Others welcome the behavioural changes they see around them: "It has made a huge impression on me how Danes who are usually super introverted come together separately for singing, training, concerts, etc. It has been great to see how creative businesses have been in adapting their products/services."

The negative (and one neutral) stories are primarily about those who are perceived to not care or are not making an effort. Or that others are either too busy pointing fingers and judging others. Finally, some participants are critical of the fight against the pandemic itself.

In the first group, we find stories like these, where public spaces are associated with discomfort and risk due to other people’s behavior: "People who do not keep their distance", "Walk in Amager park where several did not keep their distance despite lots of space. Among others a jogger who passed us very closely while he was coughing”, "Some people do not take into account and do not care about the 2m rule".

In the second group, one participant says, "I generally find that people show community spirit, but also that some uncritically try to shame people who go outside, even if they comply with all applicable guidelines." Another says that "I'm tired of all the ‘death sentences’ that everyone sends out. I try to take it seriously, but without hysteria."

Finally, there are critical words to the government's handling of the pandemic from one participant: "Lockdown has proved to be without purpose and the whole matter has been handled very poorly." In other words, there is no consensus on what the truth is about the behaviour of others during the Corona crisis. And as always crises bring out the best and the worst in people. But the stories certainly give an interesting insight into what the experience has been like from the perspective of ordinary Danes.

Consequences

During the Corona crisis, a large number of people in Denmark have been forced to cancel events and to practise social distancing. A large proportion (60%) of the stories were categorised as negative, whereas only 18% were described as positive by the participants. Emotions associated with these stories are primarily: powerlessness, worried, sad, restless, and irritated.

Many romantic relationships have suffered from the Corona crisis. For example, one participant writes: "My boyfriend is British and because of the closed borders and travel restrictions we cannot see each other. It's difficult, and it's hard that I can't spend as much time with my family and friends as I would otherwise in such a situation to find solace.” Another writes "It's awful to be single, have a promising date coming up - and then have to drop it/ postpone it for years". But even those who have got together and are established have faced challenges, as one participant describes: "My future husband and I have had to postpone our wedding, which had been planned for 1.5 years. So hard and sad. "

Close family relationships have also suffered from social distancing, particularly in relation to older family members. One participant writes: "To be without my father of 93, who is in a nursing home. And don't know when/if I'll see him again. " Another describes the situation as follows: "Have experienced less contact with my granddaughter since my daughter is afraid of infecting my wife who works in the care sector" and a third participant writes: "My mother is a frail elderly lady, she has a lung condition and would not survive getting Corona. She was therefore quarantined at home on my orders on 11/3. After a few days I visited with some groceries and on the table lay the bedspread I've coveted for years. It was crocheted by my mother and I had hoped to inherit it sometime. My mother was afraid she was going to dye and therefore wanted to give me the bedspread now - if... it hit me hard."

Several mention that social events have been cancelled or severely restricted during the Corona crisis. One participant says: 'Several cancelled parties, both family and friends, cancelled a trip to the Baltics'. A participant who was moving from one place to another described the difficulties: "help from friends and family as well as borrowing tools and help with transportation was difficult. It was a lot to manage on my own and I have not yet been able to have visitors to my new accommodation. "

People who previously participated actively in social events and activities also experienced being limited: "I have previously gone to training at the elderly center and to lung choirs. Both of these are cancelled and I miss both very much. Another writes: "The most negative thing I have experienced is not being able to visit friends and that events at the cycling club have been cancelled, including 2 weeks of cycling holidays. "

Particularly when it comes to serious illness and hospital visits, restrictions due to Corona had negative consequences. One participant writes: " During the Corona crisis, I was diagnosed with breast cancer and it was quite an experience to have to go to the hospital to be told whether I needed further treatment or not. I was not allowed to bring relatives. "

Most participants in this group find that the consequences of the Corona crisis and the resulting isolation as well as social distancing have affected them negatively at different levels. One participant sums it up very tellingly in this way: "Very sad to experience a completely closed and dead Copenhagen. Empty streets at 9 a.m. and completely deserted Metro at 5 p.m. Depressing and sad". On a personal level, a participant describes life as follows: "I can feel I become more indifferent to myself, the days go by with the morning-hair and work, and then when I stop working I get tired of myself for looking that way."

The conclusion must be that certain restrictions resulting from the Corona crisis have had serious negative consequences for families with older members, but also a general sense of impotence due to limited mobility. This is reflected not least in reports of social events being cancelled. You might think that these are minor problems, but it is clear that this is something that has an impact on the mental well-being of many participants.

About the study

Target group: Danish working population aged 18 years or older.
144 completed interviews between 14 and 23 April 2020.

Sephia conducted a study among the Danish population in April 2020 regarding their experience of social and physical distancing during the Corona crisis. The study was carried out using the "Active sensemaking" research method. Briefly put, active sensemaking is based on the idea that we humans tell stories and anecdotes to understand ourselves, others, and our surroundings. And that we use these narratives as a basis for decisions.

A sensemaking study starts with participants being asked to share a (real) story about a recent experience related to a particular topic which is always quite broadly defined. Unlike a classic questionnaire-based survey, participants in an active sensemaking study have great freedom to choose which experience they want to share and to freely describe their experience in their own words (few or many). In this study, they were asked to do so in text form, but often in active sensemaking, we also accept photos, video, and other, non-text-based ways to communicate a particular experience.

Participants are subsequently asked a few structured questions, which are intended solely to better understand the participant's own interpretation of the experience they have just shared. What headline would they give their story if it were a news story in the media? Was it predominantly a positive or negative experience, etc.

In this particular study, we had also added two general "opinion questions" about the Corona crisis, which all participants were asked to answer, regardless of what their own narrative was about. One was about the Danish government's handling of the Corona crisis and the other about the perceived primary cause of the spread of Coronavirus in Denmark (China, ski tourism or globalisation).

The Covid-19 and Social Distancing study was conducted in cooperation with Henrik Nielsen, founder @ The Fabula Agency. henrik@fabula.agency LinkedIn

Danish

Covid-19 og social distance

Sephia gennemførte i april 2020 en undersøgelse online blandt danskerne om deres oplevelse af social og fysisk distancering under Coronakrisen. Undersøgelsen blev gennemført vha. EXPMapper™ – metoden, som kort fortalt indsamler historier og anekdoter fra deltagerne for bedre at forstå deres oplevelse af en bestemt situation eller problemstilling. Metoden er mere indgående beskrevet i bunden af denne artikel.

Vi bringer her uddrag fra undersøgelsen der omhandler, hvad det har betydet for deltagerne at arbejde på distance, gå i butikker, andres adfærd og konsekvenser for nære relationer samt særlige begivenheder.

Arbejde på distancen

Under Coronakrisen er et stort antal mennesker i Danmark blevet tvunget til at arbejde hjemmefra. Et flertal rapporterer om positive oplevelser, der kan medvirke til at gøre arbejde på distancen mere effektivt og mere udbredt fremover. En del beskriver dog også de ulemper der er forbundet med at arbejde på distancen, og her er der også inspiration at hente for forbedre arbejdsvilkårene for folk der arbejder hjemmefra.

De historier der omhandler det at arbejde hjemmefra er generelt mere positive end øvrige deltagere i undersøgelsen, da 52% af deltagerne i denne kategori beskriver deres oplevelser som positive mod kun 35% negative. Til sammenligning er der hele 47% negative historier når vi ser på det samlede antal. De positive historier giver sig udslag i associerede følelser som produktiv, taknemmelig, glad og optimistisk, hvorimod de negative historier i denne kategori nævner magtesløshed og bekymring som de mest dominerende følelser. Til sammenligning er netop magtesløshed og bekymring de to dominerende følelser for de samlede historier. Det indikerer at arbejde på distance har flere positive elementer end social distancering generelt.

Mest tydelige er historier der fortæller om øget effektivitet og glæde ved at arbejde hjemme. En deltager skriver: ” Jeg elsker at arbejde hjemme og føler mig meget mere effektiv” og en anden deltager, der arbejder på en stor arbejdsplads, skriver ” På min arbejdsplads arbejder ca 19.000 medarbejdere hjemmefra. Det har været en fantastisk oplevelse at være en del af. Vi driver virksomheden stort set som vi plejer”.

Det er tydeligt, at der findes stor vilje til at hjælpe kolleger med at arbejde hjemmefra, en deltager skriver bl.a.: ” Noget af mit arbejde har været besværligt, men meget har da også været lettere og uden forstyrrelser. Det var også en positiv oplevelse, at opdage hvor meget mine kolleger og jeg hjalp hinanden med at få det hele til at gå.” En anden skriver: ”Hvor professionelle og dedikerede mine kollegaer er selvom vi udelukkende har kunnet arbejde virtuelt.”

At arbejdet er blevet mere effektivt, udmønter sig bl.a. i den ro som det private arbejdsmiljø giver. En deltager skriver: ”Jeg er overrasket over, hvor meget jeg har nydt den fred, fordybelse og ekstra søvn, som Corona-restriktionerne har medført. Fred og fordybelse på hjemmearbejdspladsen uden storrumskontorets larm - møder holdes kort og effektivt på Skype.”

Der er også en mere praktisk årsag til at arbejde hjemmefra opleves som mere effektivt, Som en deltager skriver, så er det ” Dejligt at arbejde hjemmefra slipper for offentlig transport og kø på motorvejen. Dejligt at være hjemme når arbejdsdagen slutter”, og en anden skriver: ” Og så har jeg vekslet transporttiden til 1 times velgørende ekstra søvn.”

Undervisere har været specielt udfordret og en del beskriver besværligheder, men enkelte deler også positive oplevelser, så som: ” Det har været rigtigt godt at kunne mødes online og gennemføre undervisning samtidig med at kunne se eleverne gennem deres webcam. En meget positiv oplevelse i en ret besværlig opgave.”

Det er også set som positivt, at Coronakrisen har resulteret i øget kreativitet, hvad angår måden vi arbejder på. En deltager skriver: ”Stort omfang af arbejde hjemmefra, der giver stor fleksibilitet og nye arbejdsmetoder” og en anden beretter: ”En stor del af mit arbejde består i deltagelse i netværksmøder - det jo svært når man ikke må mødes - men flere af mine netværksgrupper har vi været hurtige til at få det op at køre online så vi stadigvæk mødes og kan hjælpe hinanden gennem krisen”.

Alt er dog ikke positivt ved at arbejde på distance. En leder skriver for eksempel: ” Det er virkeligt underligt at skulle lede på afstand. Ikke at være i stand til at se sine medarbejdere i øjnene, når man afleverer en besked, særligt ikke, hvis den ikke er positiv”.

Selvsagt er det også vanskeligt at være ny på jobbet i Coronatider, som en deltager beretter: ”Det er svært at begynde i nyt arbejde, hvor man arbejder hjemmefra fra dag 1.”

Det er også forbundet med praktiske udfordringer at omdanne sit hjem til en arbejdsplads. En deltager skriver bl.a.: ”Kunsten at indrette en arbejdsplads hjemme, hvor der ikke er hæve-/sænkebord, ikke er en stol, der kan indstilles og kun en skærm. Deltageren afslutter dog med at skrive: ”til gengæld er her ro og fred til arbejdet”. En anden deltager beskriver udfordringen ved at skulle omdanne sit hjem til en arbejdsplads således: ”Det værste for mig har været, at skulle arbejde hjemmefra i en mindre lejlighed. Kigger på min arbejdsplads dag ud og dag ind da jeg arbejder i stuen.”

For dem der arbejder direkte med kunder, kan der være særlige udfordringer når man skal starte nye kunderelationer op på distancen. En deltager beskriver det således: ”Jeg arbejder for en ny kunde med et projekt, der er svært at starte op. Det ville være meget lettere, hvis jeg kunne cirkulere frit i organisationen. Onlinemøder fungerer fint, også med nye folk. Men det er svært at afstemme med de risiko-angste stakeholders, når man ikke lige har to minutter hist og her. Når jeg præsenterer mine observationer for dem, er der en underlige mistillid, som der normalt ikke ville være”.

Folk der underviser rapporterer om både fordele og ulemper, men det er klart at fjernundervisning er særdeles krævende for både undervisere og studenter, hvilket flere giver udtryk for: ”Undervisning hjemmefra (jeg er underviser på universitetet) er meget tidskrævende og mentalt anstrengende. De første 1 1/2 uge betød det 15 timers arbejdsdage (incl. weekends) siddende ved spisebordet koncentreret foran pc'en med rigtigt mange frustrationer og rigtigt meget spildtid for at få teknologien til at fungere samtidig med at der skulle leveres undervisning.”

Online møder har svært ved at erstatte den fysiske undervisning, som en underviser beskriver således: ”den fysiske kontakt og nærvær mangler. Fjernundervisning kan ikke erstatte onside undervisning. 70% af vores kommunikation sker via vores kropssprog!”.

Den overordnede konklusion er, at det lader til, der kan være store fordele ved at arbejde på distance hvis de rigtige forudsætninger er til stede. Det er især vigtigt, at de teknologiske hjælpemidler er velfungerende og brugervenlige. Derudover er det essentielt, at medarbejdere med særligt krævende behov får støtte og vejledning af deres ledere. Det gælder især dem der underviser og folk der er nye i jobbet. Det betyder således, at der er behov for at ledere opgradere deres kompetencer så de formår at lede på distance, hvilket kræver en anden tilgang end klassisk ledelse “face-to-face”.

For medarbejdere der har behov for koncentration og fordybelse kan der være store fordele ved at arbejde på distancen, hvis der er fred og ro på hjemmekontoret. Ligeledes kan reduceret rejsetid medvirke til større medarbejdertilfredshed og mindre stress. Begge dele kan på lang sigt veksles til større effektivitet, men der er behov for at udvikle arbejds- og ledelsesmetoder der kan forbedre det at arbejde på distance. Den mest optimale løsning for mange medarbejdere er formentlig en kombination af hjemmearbejde og tilstedeværelse på arbejdspladsen. Men der er ingen tvivl om, at Coronakrisen har skubbet kraftigt til debatten om, hvordan vi indretter vores arbejde.

På arbejde

Som et resultat af Covid-19 er der blevet implementeret nye arbejdsretningslinjer over hele Danmark, og det har skabt forskellige reaktioner blandt ansatte. En overvældende flertal føler sig usikre på hvilke retningslinjer der gælder for personalet og ikke kun for kunder / passagerer. Medarbejdere der delte negative oplevelser udtrykker ikke overraskende følelser som magtesløs, bekymret og urolig. De der var mere positive følte sig generelt gladere og positive, omend skiftende omstændigheder har været udfordrende at tilpasse sig til.

Folk, der arbejder i transportsektoren, rapporterer at de er forvirrede over, hvad der gælder for dem. En deltager skriver: ”Arbejder i togene som front personale- hvor reglerne ikke gælder. Har gået tæt på rigtig mange mennesker gennem hele forløbet, - og trods det skal vi ikke testes”.

En anden forklarer vanskeligheden med at tilpasse sig situationen, når man står overfor kunder på: ”Jeg arbejder på en tankstation, og der er kunder, der klager over, at vi rører ved varerne”.

En fabriksmedarbejder forklarer forholdsregler truffet på sit arbejde, og hvordan dette har påvirket følelsen af ​​at være mindre tæt på hans kolleger: ” Der sprittes mindst 14 gange dagligt på jobbet. Det at skulle tæmme sig selv overfor andre man har lyst til at give et knus kan være en daglig udfordring. Vi er jo alle kun mennesker. ”

For nogle ansatte i servicebranchen er der sommetider en følelse af at blive overrasket og glad, som en respondent skriver: ” Arbejder i Rema. Folk er ikke så sure når de står i kø længere.”

Den pludselige ændring fra at gå på arbejde, som vi normalt ville gøre til nu at blive sendt hjem, har efterladt mange mennesker overvældede og magtesløse. Som en arbejdsgiver skriver: ”Stor tom fornemmelse, da vi måtte sende alle vores medarbejdere hjem for første gang i de 35 år vi har haft vores firma. ”

Det er åbenlyst, at mens et flertal beskriver deres nye arbejdssituation med en følelse af at føle sig magtesløse og overvældede, er der også indikation for, at nogle få ser fordele ved de ​​nye omstændigheder og ser ud til at tilpasse sig ret godt indtil videre.

I butikker

Deltagerne i undersøgelsen har valgt at overvejende dele negative oplevelser fra deres butiksbesøg og vi kan opdele dem i andre kunders adfærd og butikkernes håndtering af social distance.

En deltager skriver således under overskriften Manglende kø-respekt:” Kø ved pantstation, hvor personen bag ved ikke overholdte 2 meters reglen og jeg sagde "du giver mig ikke meget plads" - nej svarede personen så, og blev stående :-(“ og en anden skriver ” Personer i butik hvor jeg bor er ikke flinke til at holde afstand.”.

Specielt under perioden med udbredt hamstring opstod der uheldige episoder som en deltager blandt andet beskriver således: ”En hættebeklædt dame masede sig igennem de afstandtagende kunder - alle trak sig tilbage - og hun snuppede de sidste 4 pakker appelsiner som var tilbage :)”.

Der blev også givet udtryk for regionale forskelle, især når der var mistanke om at folk ikke kom fra lokalområdet. En deltager skriver således under overskriften Nu er Københavnerne kommet til Gilleleje!: ”Kørte forbi en iskiosk i påsken, hvor 20-25 voksne og børn stod i en tæt klump for at købe is. Totalt uforsvarligt i mine øjne”.

Visse butikker blev også kritiseret for ikke at håndhæve regeringens anbefalinger godt nok. En deltager beskriver oplevelsen i 2 forskellige supermarkeder således: ”Stor forskel på afstand og afskærmning i hhv. Netto og Rema. Sidstnævnte lukker for mange ind og der er for lidt afskærmning til kassen og der lukkes for hurtig op til næste kunde ved kassen, selvom kunden foran ikke er færdig”.

En anden deltager hæftede sig ved: ”At den lokale Fakta-butik ikke sætter ekstra ressourcer ind til fx åbning af kasse 2. Børnene/ungarbejderne har åbenlyst ordrer om, ikke at forstyrre fastansatte i visse perioder, selv om der opstår kæmpekøer. Også et problem i hverdagen i den type butikker, men under disse omstændigheder fuldstædig uacceptabelt. Over 30 kunder stod på et tidspunkt i kø gennem hele butikken.”

Det var ikke kun selvsyn der kunne få deltagerne til at reagere. Også mistanke om dårlig håndtering af retningslinjerne blev bemærket, som en deltager beskriver således: ”Kørte en dag forbi Jem & Fix Faxe og parkeringspladsen var fyldt med biler, men der var ingen kø udenfor. Tænkte at hvis alle de mennesker var inde og handle kan de ikke overholde den afstand vi skal holde til andre. Har Jem & Fix ikke forstået hvad der er blevet sagt.”

Der er dog også nogle positive oplevelser, som denne deltager beskriver: ” I butikker har det været rart. Og har set en fælleskabsforståelse og samhørighed hos de fleste. Blomster og beskeder med opmærksomhed som folk glemmer i hverdagen 😊” og en anden skriver: ” Ved indkøb af daglig varer oplever jeg rigtig meget at der er en rigtig god opførsel med at alle giver god plads til hinanden og ikke maser. Giver god plads til at pakke varer mm”.

Selv om visse butikker fik kritik for måden de håndhævede de skærpede regler, så var der enkle der var tilfredse historier, bl. a. denne: ”Nemt og sikkert at handle ind og være udenfor og indenfor. Gode retningslinjer for hvordan man skal forholde sig”.

Den umiddelbare konklusion er, at helt dagligdags ting som at handle dagligvarer har været udfordret af hvordan vi omgås hinanden. Det virker som om, at der er en polarisering mellem dem der tager let på restriktioner og anbefalinger og dem som føler at selv om de overholder alle regler, så ødelægges det af andre mennesker. Der er også en efterlysning af bedre guidelines og udførelse af Corona restriktioner hos visse detailhandlere. Alt i alt får man indtryk af en del usikkerhed når det kommer til fysiske indkøb.

Andres adfærd

Mennesker er sociale væsener. Og i en pandemi som den vi oplever i øjeblikket, stilles der endnu mere end normalt skarpt på vores indbyrdes forbundethed og afhængighed af hinanden. På godt og ondt. Det handler den gruppe historier om, som vi har valgt at gruppere under overskriften “Andres adfærd.”

Historierne om andres adfærd udgør i vores kategorisering 36 af 133 historier (27%). Det er lidt af en tilsnigelse, idet mange flere af de indsamlede historier selvsagt berører dette universelle emne, men at vi har i denne rapport valgt at benytte en mere finkornet kategorisering af historierne.

Halvdelen (18) af historierne om dette emne er positive, og den anden halvdel er negativ (17 + 1 neutral historie, som mest hælder til den negative side).

De associerede følelser spænder ikke overraskende fra Glad, Optimistisk, og Tillidsfuld for de positive historiers vedkommende til Bekymret, Irriteret, Magtesløs, Usikker og Vred for de negative historiers vedkommende.

De positive historier er rundhåndede med rosen til medborgerne og samfundets arbejdspladser og institutioner: “Jeg mener det er virkelige godt, at vi danskerne viser så stort samfundssind”, “Synes at alle jeg møder og taler med, er rigtig gode til at holde afstand”, “Oplever kun at alle passer på hinanden”, og “En positiv oplevelse at vi danskere efterkommer ønskerne om håndvask, langt fra hinanden mv”, “Glædet mig over så godt de fleste danskere overholder retningslinjerne.”, “ Det var overraskende så hurtigt arbejdspladser og skoler omstillede sig til den nye situation”. Endelig er der også ros til statsministeren: “Jeg synes vores statsminister har håndteret krisen rigtig flot.”

Andre glæder sig over de adfærdsændringer, de ser omkring sig: “Har gjort et kæmpe indtryk på mig hvordan danskere der normalt er super introverte samles hver for sig til sang, træning, koncerter osv. Har været fedt at se hvordan kreative forretninger har sadlet om og tilpasset deres produkt/service.”

De negative (og den ene neutrale) historier handler primært om andre, der ikke tager hensyn eller ikke passer på. Eller om, at andre enten har for travlt med at pege fingre og dømme andre. Og endelig er der nogle deltagere, som forholder sig kritisk til selve bekæmpelsen af pandemien.

I den første gruppe finder vi historier som disse, hvor det offentlige rum bliver forbundet med ubehag og risiko pga. andres opførsel: “Folk der ikke holder afstand”, “Gåtur på Amager fælled hvor flere ikke holdt afstand på trods af god plads. Bla en løber der løb tæt forbi mens han hostede og prustede”, “Nogle personer tager ikke hensyn og er ligeglade med afstanden på 2m”.

I den anden gruppe udtaler en deltager, at “Jeg oplever generelt at folk udviser samfundssind, men også at nogle ukritisk forsøger at udskamme folk, der færdes udenfor, selvom de overholder alle gældende retningslinjer.” En anden siger, at “Jeg er træt af alle "dødsdommene", som alle udsender. Jeg prøver at tage det alvorligt, men uden hysteri”.

Endelig er der kritiske ord til selve regeringens tiltag fra en deltager: “Lockdown har vist sig at være uden formål, og hele sagen har været håndteret elendigt”.

Hvad sandheden er om andres adfærd under Coronakrisen, er der med andre ord ikke enighed om. Og kriser bringer som bekendt både det bedste og det værste op i os mennesker. Men historierne giver i hvert fald et interessant indblik i, hvordan oplevelsen har været fra almindelige danskeres perspektiv.

Konsekvenser

Under Coronakrisen er et stort antal mennesker i Danmark blevet tvunget til at aflyse arrangementer og til at holde afstand til de mennesker de normalt omgås. En stor del (60%) af historierne er da også kategoriseret som negative hvorimod bare 18% er beskrevet som værende positive af deltagerne. Følelser der associeres til disse historier er rpimært: Magtesløshed, bekymret, trist, rastløs og irriteret.

Først og fremmest er det romantiske relationer der har lidt under Corona krisen. En deltager skriver for eksempel: ”Min kæreste er brite og pga. de lukkede grænser og rejserestriktionerne kan vi ikke se hinanden på ubestemt tid. Det er svært, og det er svært at jeg i den forbindelse ikke må bruge så meget tid med min familie og mine venner som jeg ellers ville i sådan en situation, for at finde trøst.” En anden skriver ”Det er rædselsfuldt at være single, have et lovende stævnemøde på bedding - og så måtte droppe det/ udskyde det i årevis”. Men selv dem der har fundet sammen og er etablerede har mødt udfordringer, som en deltager beskriver: ”Jeg er blevet nødt til, sammen med min kommende mand, at udskyde vores bryllup, der har været planlagt i 1,5 år. Så hårdt og trist.”

Også nære familierelationer har lidt under den social distancering, i særdeleshed i relationen til ældre familiemedlemmer. En deltager skriver: ”At undvære min far på 93 år, som er på plejehjem. Og ikke vide hvornår/om jeg ser ham igen.” En anden beskriver situationen således: ”Har oplevet mindre kontakt til mit barnebarn da min datter er bange for at smitte min kone som arbejder som SOSU” og en tredje deltager skriver: ”Min mor er en skrøbelig ældre dame, hun er lungesyg og ville ikke overleve Corona, skulle hun få den. Hun blev derfor på min ordre sat i hjemme karantære den 11/3. Efter nogle dage var jeg ovre med nogle købmandsvarer og på bordet lå det sengetæppe jeg har sukket efter i flere år. Det er hæklet af min mor og jeg havde håbet at arve det engang. Min mor er bange for at dø at det her og ville derfor give mig sengetæppet nu - hvis nu... den slog hårdt.”

Flere nævner at sociale arrangementer er indstillet eller stærkt begrænsede under Corona krisen. En deltager oplever: ”Flere aflyste fester, både familie og venner, aflyst rejse til Baltikum”. En deltager der skulle flytte oplevede vanskelighederne således: ”hjælp fra venner og familie, med lån af værktøj og hjælp til transport var svært. Det var meget at klare alene, og jeg har endnu ikke kunne få besøg i min nye bolig.”

Mennesker der tidligere deltog aktivt i foreningsliv og lignende aktiviteter har også oplevet at blive begrænset: ”Jeg har før gået til træning på ældrecenter og til lungekor. Begge disse er aflyst og begge savner jeg meget.” En anden skriver: ”Det mest negative jeg har oplevet, er ikke at kunne besøge venner, og at arrangementer i cykelklubben er aflyst, herunder 2 ugers cykelferie.”

Specielt ved alvorlig sygdom og hospitalsbesøg havde restriktioner som følge af Corona negative konsekvenser. En deltager skriver: ”Jeg har under Corona krisen fået konstateret brystkræft, og det var noget af en oplevelse, at skulle ind på sygehuset for at få besked om, hvorvidt jeg skulle viderebehandles eller ej. Der måtte jo ikke komme pårørende med.”

Alt i alt oplever deltagerne at konsekvenserne af Corona krisen og den deraf følgende isolation og kravet om social distance har påvirket dem negativt på forskellige niveauer. En deltager summerer det meget sigende på denne måde: ”Meget trist at opleve et helt lukket og dødt København. Tomme gade kl. 9 om morgenen og helt øde Metro kl. 17. Forstemmende og sørgeligt”. På det helt personlige plan beskriver en deltager sig selv således: ”Jeg kan mærke jeg bliver mere ligeglad med mig selv, dagen flyder ud i morgenhår og arbejde og når jeg så har fri bliver jeg træt af at se så træls ud.”

Konklusionen må være, at visse restriktioner som følge af Corona krisen har haft en del negative konsekvenser for familier med ældre medlemmer, men også en generel fornemmelse af afmagt som følge af begrænset mobilitet. Det kommer ikke mindst til udtryk via beretninger om sociale begivenheder der bliver aflyst. Man kan mene at der er tale om mindre problemer, men det er klart at det er noget der har betydning for den mentale velfærd hos mange deltagere.

Om undersøgelsen

Målgruppe: Danskere i alderen 18 år eller derover, som er i arbejde.
144 gennemførte interview i perioden d. 14.-23. april.

Sephia gennemførte i april 2020 en undersøgelse blandt danskerne om deres oplevelse af social og fysisk distancering under Coronakrisen. Undersøgelsen blev gennemført vha. “Active sensemaking”-metoden. Active sensemaking er en analysemetode som kort fortalt bygger på tanken om, at vi mennesker fortæller historier og anekdoter til at forstå os selv, andre, og vores omverden. Og at vi bruger disse fortællinger som grundlag for beslutninger.

En sensemaking-undersøgelse starter med, at deltagerne bliver bedt om at beskrive en nylig oplevelse relateret til et bestemt emne, som altid er ganske bredt defineret. I modsætning til i en klassisk spørgeskemaundersøgelse har deltagerne i en active sensemaking-undersøgelse meget stor frihed til at vælge, hvilken oplevelse de vil dele, og til frit at beskrive deres oplevelse med egne ord (få eller mange). I denne undersøgelse blev de bedt om at gøre det i tekstform, men ofte godtages i active sensemaking også fotos, video og andre, ikke-tekstbaserede måder at kommunikere en bestemt oplevelse på.

Deltagerne bliver derefter ledt igennem et kort, struktureret spørgeforløb, som udelukkende har til formål bedre at forstå deltagerens egen fortolkning af den oplevelse, vedkommende netop har delt. Hvilken overskrift ville de give deres historie, hvis den skulle i medierne? Var der overvejende tale om en positiv eller negativ oplevelse, osv.

I denne undersøgelse havde vi tillige tilføjet to generelle “opinionsspørgsmål” om Coronakrisen, som alle deltagerne blev bedt om at svare på, uanset hvad deres egen fortælling handlede om. Det ene handlede om regeringens håndtering af Coronakrisen, og det andet om den primære årsag til spredningen af Coronavirus i Danmark (Kina, Skiturisme eller globalisering).

Covid-19 og Social Distance undersøgelsen er gennemført i samarbejde med Henrik Nielsen, founder @ The Fabula Agency. henrik@fabula.agency LinkedIn

 
 
 

Sonny Soewarta

Sonny Soewarta

MANAGING PARTNER

Economist | Psychologist
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With a background in business economics and psychology, Sonny is an all-round player although his core competence sits in coaching teams through all aspects of strategic planning, from the situation analysis over objectives to strategy development all the way to tactics and action plan.


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